ABSTRACT
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] is a spectrum of fat-associated liver conditions that can result in end stage liver disease. NAFLD patients when compared to control subjects have a higher prevalence of atherosclerosis which is independent of obesity and other established risk factors. Recent studies have identified NAFLD as a risk factor for early subclinical abnormalities in myocardial metabolism as well as in cardiac structure and function. In particular, it has been shown that NAFLD is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired diastolic function
The Objective: The aim of this study is to assess left ventricular diastolic function in NAFLD patients
Patients and Methods: The study included thirty Egyptian NAFLD patients their age between 20 and 45 years old, and twenty healthy control subjects who were age and sex matched. Full medical history, complete physical examination and laboratory tests were done in form of ALT, AST, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride, hemoglobin A1C, creatinine, urea and CBC. Abdominal ultrasonography and transthoracic echocardiography also were done
Results: NAFLD patients had higher diastolic blood pressures, increased body mass indices, ALT, AST and glycated hemoglobin A1C more than controls. Also in our study the mean of E, E/A ratio, DT, lateral E/e and septal E/e is significant higher in NAFLD patients than control group. The mean of lateral e and septal e is lower in NAFLD patients than control group
Conclusion: Patients with NAFLD had significant impairment on diastolic function in the non-diabetic and normotensive NAFLD patients compared to the controls as measured by two-dimensional echocardiography Doppler imaging in addition to tissue Doppler imaging
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Diastole , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/physiopathology , Echocardiography , Abdomen/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Food additives while attract consumers, improve quality, control weight and replace sugar, may affect seriously children and adults health. Here, we investigated the adverse effects of saccharin and methylsalicyltaes as sweetener and flavoring agent on lipid profile, blood glucose, renal, hepatic function and oxidative stress/antioxidants (lipid peroxidation, catalase and reduced glutathione in liver tissues). Saccharin and methylsalicylate were administered orally in young male albino rats at low and high dose for 30 days. Rats were divided into 5 groups, 1st control group, 2nd and 3rd (low and high saccharin-treated groups) and 4th and 5th (low and high methylsalicylate-treated group). Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose levels and body weight gain were found decreased in saccharin high dose group compared to control. Rats consumed high dose of saccharin showed a significant decrease in serum triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL levels. Low and high doses of saccharin exhibited a significant increase in liver function marker of ALT, AST, ALP activity, total proteins and albumin levels and renal function test (urea and creatinine levels) in comparison with control group. Further, saccharin at high dose induced significant decrease in liver GSH levels, catalase and SOD activity and increase in hepatic MDA level. Overall saccharin harmfully altered biochemical markers in liver and kidney at higher as well as lower doses. Whereas, methyl salicylates did not pose a risk for renal function and hepatic oxidative markers.
ABSTRACT
This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of herbal mixture extracts of pumpkin seed oil, peanuts shell and Orlistat on renal function and oxidative stress biomarkers in male albino rats administrated high fat diet (HFD). Study Design: Fifty male rats were divided into four groups: 1st a normal diet, 2nd HFD, 3rd HFD with Orlistat and 4th HFD with herbal mixture. Place and Duration of Study: Biochemistry-Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University for two years. Methodology: A group of rats were fed with a standard control diet (1st control group) and another group of rats were fed with a diet containing 35% fat (2nd HFD) for 16 weeks. Then, this group of HFD was divided into 3 groups for the following 6 weeks: 1st group hadHFD only, 2nd group had HFD plus 2 mg/kg bw/day Orlistat and 3rd group had HFD plus 5 mg/kg bw/day pumpkins and 2 mg/kg bw/day nutshell extract. Blood and renal tissues were collected for biochemical assays. Results: HFD group showed a very high significant increase (***P<0.001)in feed intake from low (216.9+/-12.25) to high (327.5 +/-22.00), body weight and body mass index. HFD affect the kidney by increasing serum uric acid (**P<0.01)(1.964+/-0.251) to (3.106+/- 0.161), urea, creatinine, (***P<0.001) for low density lipoproteins and total cholesterol (16.71+/-2.27 to 55.78+/-4.40 and 70.30+/-2.75 to118.10+/-6.35) respectively, triacylglycerol (**P<0.01) (54.60+/-6.42 to 80.00+/-0.65) and malondialdehyde (***P<0.001) (35.48 +/- 3.52 to 63.03 +/-1.48). These changes improved by the treatments with Orlistat and herbal mixture that decreased the oxidative stress biomarkers. Conclusion: Rats that fed with HFD showed hypertriglyceridemia, increased oxidative stress and renal alteration. Moreover, suggesting association between lipid peroxidation, obesity and nephropathy, while treatment with Orlistat and herbal mixture ameliorated the harmful effects of the HFD and reduce feed intake.
ABSTRACT
Seed of Cucumis sativus Linn, is one of the herbal remedies has been traditionally used for diabetes mellitus treatment. We studied the effect of hydroalcoholic and buthanolic extract obtained from C. sativus seeds in a model of streptozotocin [STZ]-induced diabetic [type I] rats. Normal and diabetic male Wistar rats [STZ, 60 mg/kg, intraperitoneal] were treated daily with vehicle [5 ml/kg], hydroalcoholic [0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g/kg] and buthanolic extract [0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g/kg] and glibenclamide [1 and 3 mg/kg] separately and treatment was continued for 9 days. Blood samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 hr of the first day and the day 9 [216 hr] of treatments for measuring the blood glucose levels. Our findings indicated that C sativus seeds extracts were not effective on reducing blood glucose levels [BGL] in normal and diabetic rats for initial phase of treatments. However, both hydroalcoholic [22.5-33.8%] and buthanolic [26.6- 45.0%] extracts were effective on diminishing BGL and controling the loss of body weight in diabetic rats compared to controls after 9 days of continued daily therapy. Glibenclamide on the other hand, had hypoglycemic action in normal [27.8-31.0%] and diabetic rats [36.0-50.0%] after acute and prolonged treatments. It is concluded that C. sativus seeds extracts [hydroalcoholic and buthanolic] had a role in diabetes control probably through a mechanism similar to euglycemic agents. Further studies are warranted to clarify the mechanisms and the exact role of this herbal medicine in control of metabolic disorders